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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
河北邢台：微宣讲“声”入民心****** 光明日报记者 耿建扩 陈元秋 光明日报通讯员 闫丽静 “乡村振兴，我们能做得更好！”近日，在河北省邢台市信都区前南峪村活动室里，党员群众一有空就一起学习党的二十大精神。村党委书记郭天林把二十大报告看了很多遍，从中找出群众关注的内容，结合村里实际，掰开揉碎讲给大家听。 “新时代的伟大成就是党和人民一道拼出来、干出来、奋斗出来的！”郭天林对此深有感触。前南峪位于太行深山区，曾经是有名的贫困村。经过几十年不懈努力，荒山变成“花果山”，农户吃上“旅游饭”，生活越来越甜。郭天林时常告诉大家，要保持奋勇争先、毫不松懈的劲头。经过多次学习讨论，大家的干劲儿越来越足，村子未来发展思路也越来越清晰。 前南峪村的这一幕，是邢台市“党的二十大精神万名支书微宣讲”活动的一个缩影。为推动党的二十大精神在基层落地生根，邢台市组织全市万余名基层党支部书记，通过“小现场、小切口、微宣讲”的方式，站在百姓视角，运用群众语言，坚持平实、朴实、切实的宣传基调，全面准确迅速地把党的二十大精神送到基层。 为了确保宣讲效果，邢台市统一编发了宣讲提纲，各县市区、市直各单位通过学习培训、集体备课等线上线下相结合的形式，对基层党组织书记进行培训，着力增强宣讲的说服力、亲和力和针对性、有效性，把党的二十大精神讲清楚、讲明白，让群众听得懂、能领会、可落实。 “基层党组织书记就在群众身边，更容易用群众身边的事讲清大道理，更擅长用群众易接受的方式，随时随地开展一场微宣讲。”邢台市委宣传部相关负责人表示。 12月15日上午，在邢台市信都区富兴社区祥和城小区的小公园里，社区党支部书记邓为娜和几个居民一边晒太阳，一边学习党的二十大精神。 “二十大报告指出‘提高全社会文明程度’‘实施公民道德建设工程，弘扬中华传统美德，加强家庭家教家风建设’。具体到我们社区，要以创建文明社区活动为载体，以提高居民素质和小区文明程度为主要目标，通过广泛开展‘文明单元’‘文明家庭’评选，孕育文明新风。”邓为娜说。 “邓书记，文明家庭评选可以细化标准，比如学习型家庭、节约型家庭，每个家庭充满正气，社区文明程度就提高了。”一位居民建议。 “评选出来的文明家庭，要大张旗鼓地表扬，扩大影响，营造学习典型、争当典型的浓厚氛围。”另一位居民说。 ………… 在富兴社区，这样互动式的微宣讲举行了3场。邓为娜介绍，宣讲中专门设置了问题收集环节，她把居民关注的内容记录下来，作为下一次宣讲的重点，打破以往台上讲、台下听的单一模式，提高宣讲内容的精准性。 “这样的宣讲就在咱家门口，参加的都是街坊邻居，讲的都是接地气的实在话，我们听得心里热腾腾的，对党的二十大精神也有了更深刻的理解。”居民杨丽表示。 一些基层党组织书记还把宣讲与“我为群众办实事”实践活动相结合，多渠道收集群众微心愿，及时为群众办实事解难事。 在宁晋县上城嘉苑社区的小广场，社区党支部副书记张璐与社区群众畅谈二十大精神学习心得。现场放置了一个微心愿收集箱。 “更换小区路灯、院里垃圾倾倒及时些、机动车不要乱停……每个愿望虽然看起来不大，但却承载着居民实实在在的期盼。”张璐说，这次宣讲共收到30多条微心愿。社区将积极梳理，形成“微心愿”清单，建立“微心愿”台账，按照“居民点单、社区派单、党员接单、办结评价”的形式进行闭环服务，让群众有更多获得感。 截至目前，邢台市共开展支书微宣讲活动5000余场，受众15万余人。 《光明日报》（ 2022年12月21日 04版） （文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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